Agenda

• Terms/Acronyms
• SOAR: Purpose 
• Response to an Active Threat Event
• Law Enforcement Response: A Vulnerability Assessment
• Immediate Responders: Roles, Advantages, and Disadvantages
• Response Protocols
• Equipment Selection

Purpose

Terms/Acronyms

1. Active Threat (Active Assailant)
2. Armed Responder
3. Contract Security
4. LLEA
5. Proprietary Security
6. Neutralization
7. Physical Protection System
8. Response
9. SOAR
10. Vulnerability

Armed Responder- an armed member of a contract security company or proprietary security organization

Response to an Active Threat Event

In general, there are two types of response

• Immediate
• Delayed

4 Ds

Law Enforcement (Delayed) Response: Vulnerability Assessment

• Average response time = 12- 14 minutes
• The majority of active assailant events end prior to LLEA
  • The assailant:
    • Was subdued by someone on the scene
    • Fled the scene
    • Commit suicide prior to LLEA arrival
    • Neutralized by on-site responder
• Law enforcement response is not always effective:
  • Sandy Hook Elementary (video)
  • Virginia Tech video
• Officers are not familiar with the target
• It’s easier to defend than to assault
  • Uvalde video

Immediate Responders: Role, Advantages, and Disadvantages

Role:

• Deterrence and early detection and reporting
• Neutralize the active threat:
  • psychological stop: deterrence 
  • physical stop: armed response

 Advantages:

• Provides an instant response
• The armed responder is familiar with the protected space
• Visible presence
• Value added services

Disadvantages

• No requirement to respond
• Response may be ineffective
  • Parkland video
• Effective response is based on:
  • Early notification and communication
  • Physical ability
  • Training
  • Action initiated by the armed responder

Response Protocols

Basic Response Protocols:

 SRT Manual: Section 5

• Direct to threat tactics
• Room by room:
  • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NoOwTnr05go
  • SOAR concepts
• Interior ambush

Equipment Selection

 Required:

• Enhanced body armor
• Semiautomatic pistol w/additional ammunition
• Tactical light: handheld
• Mechanical restraints
• Communication
• Bleeding control kit (self-care)

Suggested Equipment:

• Ballistic helmet
• Shoulder-fired weapon
  • Regulations
• Pistol mounted optic
• Pistol mounted light
• Mini shield
  • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2Yp6ZVPJAFM